In high-pressure and impurity environments, flange gaskets ensure sealing and maintain stable liquid gas transmission through filling space and tight fitting design. Non-metallic, semi-metallic, and metallic gaskets are suitable for different working conditions, and ASME standards accurately regulate materials and processes. From low-pressure full plane to high-temperature ring connection surfaces, the soft and hard materials are precisely interlocked under bolt pressure, achieving the ultimate protection of zero leakage in industrial scenarios.
The function and importance of flange gaskets
The gasket used for flanges plays a crucial role in creating a static seal between the flange faces. They can adapt to various operating conditions and pressure temperature ratings, ensuring the integrity of the seal by filling small spaces and irregular shapes, thereby maintaining smooth transmission of liquid and gas.
The flange gasket ensures sealing by filling the space, maintaining liquid and gas transmission. The correct installation method is crucial for achieving leak free flange joints. It's suitable for installation to prevent leakage, especially in environments with impurities.
Although in some ideal situations, gaskets may not be necessary when process conditions permit and the flange sealing surface is sufficiently smooth and perfectly matched. However, in actual production environments, flange gaskets have become an indispensable component due to the inability to avoid the intrusion of small impurities or dust.
Classification of flange gaskets
Flange gaskets are also divided into three categories based on their materials: non-metallic gaskets, semi-metallic gaskets, and metallic gaskets.
Non-metallic gaskets
Non-metallic gaskets made of composite panels are commonly used for low-pressure full plane and raised face flanges. It's suitable for low voltage, with diverse materials, following ASME B16.21 standard. Its materials include aramid fiber, glass fiber, synthetic rubber, polytetrafluoroethylene, graphite, etc. Full plane gaskets are particularly suitable for full plane flanges, while annular gaskets are suitable for raised face flanges. It is worth noting that the ASME B16.21 standard specifies in detail the types, specifications, materials, dimensions, dimensional tolerances, and marking methods of non-metallic gaskets.
Semi-metallic gaskets
Half metal gaskets combine the advantages of metal and non-metal materials, with metal components providing strength and elasticity, while non-metal components are responsible for providing necessary adaptability and sealing. In the industrial field, common semi-metallic gaskets include metal wound gaskets, tooth shaped composite gaskets, and various reinforced graphite composite gaskets. These gaskets can adapt to various harsh working environments such as high temperature and high pressure, and are widely used in different types of flange connections such as raised face flanges, raised face flanges, and mortise and tenon face flanges. In addition, the ASME B16.20 standard provides detailed guidance on material selection, dimensional specifications, dimensional tolerances, and marking methods for semi-metallic and metallic gaskets.
Metal gaskets
Metal gaskets, refined from single or composite metal materials, are commonly used for flange connections to ensure excellent sealing performance. The design principle of using material deformation to achieve sealing and designing gaskets for the ring connection surface lies in the initial line contact or wedge effect between it and the matching flange and gasket. When pressure is applied to the bolt, the softer gasket material flows into the microstructure of the harder flange material, forming a tight and efficient seal. In addition, the ASME B16.20 standard specifies in detail the material selection, dimensional specifications, dimensional tolerances, and marking methods for metal gaskets.
Design and application of metal ring gaskets
Elliptical and octagonal metal ring pads
Both elliptical metal ring gaskets and octagonal metal ring gaskets have excellent sealing performance. They are often used in various industrial scenarios to ensure tight and reliable connections. The design principle lies in the tight fit between the matching flange and gasket. By applying pressure through bolts, the softer gasket material can flow into the microstructure of the harder flange material, thereby achieving efficient sealing effect. Ensure stable connection through closely coordinated design.
In addition, these two types of pads also have excellent corrosion resistance and wear resistance, ensuring long-term stability during use.
